Scripps Research identifies Alzheimer's inflammation switch

Scientists at Scripps Research, led by Stuart Lipton, have identified a molecular switch responsible for chronic brain inflammation in Alzheimer's disease. Published in Cell Chemical Biology on April 23, 2026, the preclinical study found that a protein called STING undergoes S-nitrosylation, leading to its overactivation and subsequent inflammation. By blocking this chemical modification at cysteine 148 in mouse models, researchers observed a significant reduction in neuroinflammation and protection of nerve cell connections (synapses). This discovery is considered a new and important therapeutic target for Alzheimer's, as it allows for targeted intervention without shutting down the entire immune system. Stuart Lipton's group is now developing small molecules to block cysteine 148 for further preclinical testing. The research was supported by the United States — National Institutes of Health and the United States — United States Department of Defense.