Dallas Fed paper on immigration housing impact
Analysis based on 7 articles · First reported Jun 29, 2026 · Last updated Jul 07, 2026
The paper adds to the debate on immigration's role in housing affordability, potentially influencing policy discussions. It may affect sentiment in real estate and construction sectors, but as a working paper, its immediate market impact is limited.
The United States — Federal Reserve published a working paper estimating that the surge in unauthorized immigration during the Biden administration (2021-2024) contributed to about 30% of home-price growth and 20% of rent growth in average metropolitan areas. The paper found that a 1% increase in unauthorized workers relative to local labor force raised home prices by 2.2% and rents by 1.4%, with little effect on wages. The influx acted as a housing demand shock in supply-constrained markets. The paper is preliminary and does not represent official Fed views.
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