South Africa anti-immigrant violence and migrant exodus

South Africa has experienced a surge in anti-immigrant protests and violence, leading to a mass exodus of over 178,000 African migrants, primarily from Zimbabwe, Malawi, and Mozambique. The unrest, driven by groups like March and March and Operation Dudula, has resulted in deaths, injuries, and widespread property destruction. The South African government has condemned the violence but has also cracked down on undocumented migration, deporting thousands and deploying inspectors. The crisis has caused labor shortages in agriculture and textile manufacturing, disrupting production. Diplomatic tensions have risen, with Ghana petitioning the International — International Criminal Court to investigate alleged crimes against humanity, and Nigeria's House of Representatives launching an investigation into losses suffered by its nationals. The African Union has rejected Ghana's proposal to address the issue, while South Africa pushes for broader migration talks. Several countries, including Ghana, have evacuated their nationals, with support from organizations like the The Church of Pentecost.