Philippines-Japan defense logistics pact enters force

The Acquisition and Cross-Servicing Agreement (ACSA) between the Philippines and Japan entered into force on August 22, 2026. Signed in Manila on January 15, 2026, the agreement establishes a legal framework for the reciprocal provision of supplies and services between the Philippines — Armed Forces of the Philippines and the Japan — Japan Self-Defense Forces. It aims to enhance military interoperability, readiness, and the efficiency of joint exercises, humanitarian assistance, and disaster response operations. The ACSA follows the Reciprocal Access Agreement (RAA) that took effect in September 2025. The agreement was signed alongside an exchange of notes on Japan's Official Security Assistance (OSA) for fiscal year 2025, which includes a 900 million yen (about P350 million) project to construct boathouses and slipways for rigid-hulled inflatable boats for the Philippines — Philippine Navy. The pact reflects the deepening defense cooperation between the two countries amid regional tensions in the Indo-Pacific, particularly concerning China's maritime claims. The Philippines and Japan marked the 70th anniversary of the normalization of their diplomatic relations this year, and their leaders elevated ties to a Comprehensive Strategic Partnership during President Bongbong Marcos's state visit to Japan in May.