United States — Federal Reserve & United States — Federal Trade Commission

United States — Federal Reserve: The Fed's independence was preserved by the Court, which cited its unique historical role and the need for political insulation in monetary policy.

United States — Federal Trade Commission: The FTC lost its independence protections; the Court ruled that presidents can fire FTC commissioners at will, affecting antitrust and consumer protection enforcement.

United States — Federal Reserve: The United States — Federal Reserve's independence was upheld by the court, which is seen as positive for economic stability. Reforms could affect its independence if the court's composition changes.

United States — Federal Trade Commission: The FTC is an independent agency whose commissioners could be fired by the president under the court's ruling, potentially affecting its regulatory enforcement.

United States — Federal Reserve: The United States — Supreme Court of the United States ruled that the United States — Federal Reserve has a measure of independence from the presidency, protecting its structure from political interference.

United States — Federal Trade Commission: The United States — Federal Trade Commission is mentioned as an agency whose leaders the president can fire at-will, in contrast to the United States — Federal Reserve.

United States — Federal Reserve: The Cook case limited presidential firing power over Fed board members.

United States — Federal Trade Commission: The Slaughter case originated from Trump's firing of an FTC member.